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什么是涵閘?涵閘的定義是什么?

時間:2025-01-26 13:06 人氣:0 編輯:招聘街

一、什么是涵閘?涵閘的定義是什么?

涵閘是水閘類型的一種。水閘是一種低水頭的水工建筑物水閘水頭較低,抬高水位較少,它主要是靠閘門擋水;而溢流壩主要靠閘門下壩體來擋水。水閘可建于各種地基上。水閘由閘室段,下游連接段、上游連接段三部分組成。

二、中型涵閘標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?

答:中型涵閘標(biāo)準(zhǔn): SL 265《水閘設(shè)計規(guī)范》

三、涵閘各部位名稱?

啟閉機(jī)、胸墻、閘室、吊耳、門葉、閘門高度、閘門寬度、豎直門槽、門槽寬度、深度、P型橡膠止水、底板門槽、寬度、深度、底止水等等,這些就是涵閘的各部位名稱。

四、涵閘圖紙怎么看?

看涵閘圖紙的方法如下:

涵閘圖紙首先看平面圖知在什么位置,再看立面圖知道水閘大小及尺寸,再看剖面圖知道水閘全部結(jié)構(gòu)及組成。

五、涵閘與水閘的區(qū)別?

是有區(qū)別的,涵閘是涵洞、水閘的簡稱。涵洞是堤、壩內(nèi)的泄、引水建筑物,用于水庫放水、堤垸引泄水。水閘是修建在河道、堤防上的一種低水頭擋水、泄水工程。汛期與河道堤防和排水蓄水工程配合,發(fā)揮控制水流的作用。

六、涵閘的施工方法?

       施工方法如下所示:

      涵閘應(yīng)在砌體砂漿強(qiáng)度達(dá)到5MPa,且預(yù)制蓋板安裝后進(jìn)行回填;現(xiàn)澆鋼筋混凝土涵洞,其胸腔回填土宜在混凝土強(qiáng)度達(dá)到設(shè)計強(qiáng)度70%后進(jìn)行,頂板以上填土應(yīng)在達(dá)到設(shè)計強(qiáng)度后進(jìn)行。

七、穿堤涵閘回填如何施工?

首先要把涵洞兩側(cè)的雜物、淤泥清理干凈,請監(jiān)理和建設(shè)方、設(shè)計方進(jìn)行隱蔽工程驗收,驗收合格后在箱涵外露面涂抹粘土泥漿,然后在墻體劃墨線,每層填實厚度不得大于30cm。這些工作做完后才可以進(jìn)行回填作業(yè)。分層填筑夯實,檢驗合格后在進(jìn)行下一層的回填作業(yè)。

八、引黃涵閘屬于大型水利工程嗎?

是的。

黃河下游引黃涵閘改建工程是國家重大水利工程項目之一。山東黃河引黃涵閘改建工程(山東段)年度投資計劃為2.5億元,10月18日實現(xiàn)第一批12座涵閘改建開工建設(shè),山東河務(wù)局工程建設(shè)中心以天為單位,編排推演建設(shè)實施方案,組織降水措施技術(shù)論證,啟動24小時在崗服務(wù)機(jī)制和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子重點聯(lián)系標(biāo)段機(jī)制,并于11月下旬發(fā)出“大干快干40天”沖鋒令。參建單位合理安排人員、設(shè)備、工序等,“以日保周、以周保旬、以旬保月、以月保年”,跟時間賽跑,跟天氣賽跑,跟計劃賽跑。

九、漢川沿江大道涵閘村什么時候拆遷?

對于漢川沿江大道涵閘村的拆遷時間,當(dāng)前并沒有關(guān)于具體時間的官方公告。涵閘村目前仍然存在,仍然是漢川沿江大道規(guī)劃拆遷范圍內(nèi)的村莊之一,預(yù)計在未來的某個時間會開展拆遷工作。需要注意的是,涵閘村的拆遷涉及到一系列法律程序和政府補(bǔ)償政策,相關(guān)部門需要充分與涉及村民、社區(qū)進(jìn)行溝通和協(xié)商,以確保拆遷工作的順利進(jìn)行和村民的合法權(quán)益得到保障。

在具體拆遷時間公布前,建議村民積極關(guān)注相關(guān)政府官網(wǎng)或村委會公示,及時了解最新進(jìn)展。

十、mahout面試題?

之前看了Mahout官方示例 20news 的調(diào)用實現(xiàn);于是想根據(jù)示例的流程實現(xiàn)其他例子。網(wǎng)上看到了一個關(guān)于天氣適不適合打羽毛球的例子。

訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù):

Day Outlook Temperature Humidity Wind PlayTennis

D1 Sunny Hot High Weak No

D2 Sunny Hot High Strong No

D3 Overcast Hot High Weak Yes

D4 Rain Mild High Weak Yes

D5 Rain Cool Normal Weak Yes

D6 Rain Cool Normal Strong No

D7 Overcast Cool Normal Strong Yes

D8 Sunny Mild High Weak No

D9 Sunny Cool Normal Weak Yes

D10 Rain Mild Normal Weak Yes

D11 Sunny Mild Normal Strong Yes

D12 Overcast Mild High Strong Yes

D13 Overcast Hot Normal Weak Yes

D14 Rain Mild High Strong No

檢測數(shù)據(jù):

sunny,hot,high,weak

結(jié)果:

Yes=》 0.007039

No=》 0.027418

于是使用Java代碼調(diào)用Mahout的工具類實現(xiàn)分類。

基本思想:

1. 構(gòu)造分類數(shù)據(jù)。

2. 使用Mahout工具類進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,得到訓(xùn)練模型。

3。將要檢測數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成vector數(shù)據(jù)。

4. 分類器對vector數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分類。

接下來貼下我的代碼實現(xiàn)=》

1. 構(gòu)造分類數(shù)據(jù):

在hdfs主要創(chuàng)建一個文件夾路徑 /zhoujainfeng/playtennis/input 并將分類文件夾 no 和 yes 的數(shù)據(jù)傳到hdfs上面。

數(shù)據(jù)文件格式,如D1文件內(nèi)容: Sunny Hot High Weak

2. 使用Mahout工具類進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,得到訓(xùn)練模型。

3。將要檢測數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成vector數(shù)據(jù)。

4. 分類器對vector數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分類。

這三步,代碼我就一次全貼出來;主要是兩個類 PlayTennis1 和 BayesCheckData = =》

package myTesting.bayes;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;

import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;

import org.apache.mahout.classifier.naivebayes.training.TrainNaiveBayesJob;

import org.apache.mahout.text.SequenceFilesFromDirectory;

import org.apache.mahout.vectorizer.SparseVectorsFromSequenceFiles;

public class PlayTennis1 {

private static final String WORK_DIR = "hdfs://192.168.9.72:9000/zhoujianfeng/playtennis";

/*

* 測試代碼

*/

public static void main(String[] args) {

//將訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成 vector數(shù)據(jù)

makeTrainVector();

//產(chǎn)生訓(xùn)練模型

makeModel(false);

//測試檢測數(shù)據(jù)

BayesCheckData.printResult();

}

public static void makeCheckVector(){

//將測試數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成序列化文件

try {

Configuration conf = new Configuration();

conf.addResource(new Path("/usr/local/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml"));

String input = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"testinput";

String output = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"tennis-test-seq";

Path in = new Path(input);

Path out = new Path(output);

FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

if(fs.exists(in)){

if(fs.exists(out)){

//boolean參數(shù)是,是否遞歸刪除的意思

fs.delete(out, true);

}

SequenceFilesFromDirectory sffd = new SequenceFilesFromDirectory();

String[] params = new String[]{"-i",input,"-o",output,"-ow"};

ToolRunner.run(sffd, params);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

System.out.println("文件序列化失??!");

System.exit(1);

}

//將序列化文件轉(zhuǎn)換成向量文件

try {

Configuration conf = new Configuration();

conf.addResource(new Path("/usr/local/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml"));

String input = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"tennis-test-seq";

String output = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"tennis-test-vectors";

Path in = new Path(input);

Path out = new Path(output);

FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

if(fs.exists(in)){

if(fs.exists(out)){

//boolean參數(shù)是,是否遞歸刪除的意思

fs.delete(out, true);

}

SparseVectorsFromSequenceFiles svfsf = new SparseVectorsFromSequenceFiles();

String[] params = new String[]{"-i",input,"-o",output,"-lnorm","-nv","-wt","tfidf"};

ToolRunner.run(svfsf, params);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

System.out.println("序列化文件轉(zhuǎn)換成向量失??!");

System.out.println(2);

}

}

public static void makeTrainVector(){

//將測試數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成序列化文件

try {

Configuration conf = new Configuration();

conf.addResource(new Path("/usr/local/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml"));

String input = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"input";

String output = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"tennis-seq";

Path in = new Path(input);

Path out = new Path(output);

FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

if(fs.exists(in)){

if(fs.exists(out)){

//boolean參數(shù)是,是否遞歸刪除的意思

fs.delete(out, true);

}

SequenceFilesFromDirectory sffd = new SequenceFilesFromDirectory();

String[] params = new String[]{"-i",input,"-o",output,"-ow"};

ToolRunner.run(sffd, params);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

System.out.println("文件序列化失??!");

System.exit(1);

}

//將序列化文件轉(zhuǎn)換成向量文件

try {

Configuration conf = new Configuration();

conf.addResource(new Path("/usr/local/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml"));

String input = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"tennis-seq";

String output = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"tennis-vectors";

Path in = new Path(input);

Path out = new Path(output);

FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

if(fs.exists(in)){

if(fs.exists(out)){

//boolean參數(shù)是,是否遞歸刪除的意思

fs.delete(out, true);

}

SparseVectorsFromSequenceFiles svfsf = new SparseVectorsFromSequenceFiles();

String[] params = new String[]{"-i",input,"-o",output,"-lnorm","-nv","-wt","tfidf"};

ToolRunner.run(svfsf, params);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

System.out.println("序列化文件轉(zhuǎn)換成向量失??!");

System.out.println(2);

}

}

public static void makeModel(boolean completelyNB){

try {

Configuration conf = new Configuration();

conf.addResource(new Path("/usr/local/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml"));

String input = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"tennis-vectors"+Path.SEPARATOR+"tfidf-vectors";

String model = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"model";

String labelindex = WORK_DIR+Path.SEPARATOR+"labelindex";

Path in = new Path(input);

Path out = new Path(model);

Path label = new Path(labelindex);

FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);

if(fs.exists(in)){

if(fs.exists(out)){

//boolean參數(shù)是,是否遞歸刪除的意思

fs.delete(out, true);

}

if(fs.exists(label)){

//boolean參數(shù)是,是否遞歸刪除的意思

fs.delete(label, true);

}

TrainNaiveBayesJob tnbj = new TrainNaiveBayesJob();

String[] params =null;

if(completelyNB){

params = new String[]{"-i",input,"-el","-o",model,"-li",labelindex,"-ow","-c"};

}else{

params = new String[]{"-i",input,"-el","-o",model,"-li",labelindex,"-ow"};

}

ToolRunner.run(tnbj, params);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

System.out.println("生成訓(xùn)練模型失??!");

System.exit(3);

}

}

}

package myTesting.bayes;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;

import org.apache.hadoop.fs.PathFilter;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;

import org.apache.mahout.classifier.naivebayes.BayesUtils;

import org.apache.mahout.classifier.naivebayes.NaiveBayesModel;

import org.apache.mahout.classifier.naivebayes.StandardNaiveBayesClassifier;

import org.apache.mahout.common.Pair;

import org.apache.mahout.common.iterator.sequencefile.PathType;

import org.apache.mahout.common.iterator.sequencefile.SequenceFileDirIterable;

import org.apache.mahout.math.RandomAccessSparseVector;

import org.apache.mahout.math.Vector;

import org.apache.mahout.math.Vector.Element;

import org.apache.mahout.vectorizer.TFIDF;

import com.google.common.collect.ConcurrentHashMultiset;

import com.google.common.collect.Multiset;

public class BayesCheckData {

private static StandardNaiveBayesClassifier classifier;

private static Map<String, Integer> dictionary;

private static Map<Integer, Long> documentFrequency;

private static Map<Integer, String> labelIndex;

public void init(Configuration conf){

try {

String modelPath = "/zhoujianfeng/playtennis/model";

String dictionaryPath = "/zhoujianfeng/playtennis/tennis-vectors/dictionary.file-0";

String documentFrequencyPath = "/zhoujianfeng/playtennis/tennis-vectors/df-count";

String labelIndexPath = "/zhoujianfeng/playtennis/labelindex";

dictionary = readDictionnary(conf, new Path(dictionaryPath));

documentFrequency = readDocumentFrequency(conf, new Path(documentFrequencyPath));

labelIndex = BayesUtils.readLabelIndex(conf, new Path(labelIndexPath));

NaiveBayesModel model = NaiveBayesModel.materialize(new Path(modelPath), conf);

classifier = new StandardNaiveBayesClassifier(model);

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

System.out.println("檢測數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)造成vectors初始化時報錯。。。。");

System.exit(4);

}

}

/**

* 加載字典文件,Key: TermValue; Value:TermID

* @param conf

* @param dictionnaryDir

* @return

*/

private static Map<String, Integer> readDictionnary(Configuration conf, Path dictionnaryDir) {

Map<String, Integer> dictionnary = new HashMap<String, Integer>();

PathFilter filter = new PathFilter() {

@Override

public boolean accept(Path path) {

String name = path.getName();

return name.startsWith("dictionary.file");

}

};

for (Pair<Text, IntWritable> pair : new SequenceFileDirIterable<Text, IntWritable>(dictionnaryDir, PathType.LIST, filter, conf)) {

dictionnary.put(pair.getFirst().toString(), pair.getSecond().get());

}

return dictionnary;

}

/**

* 加載df-count目錄下TermDoc頻率文件,Key: TermID; Value:DocFreq

* @param conf

* @param dictionnaryDir

* @return

*/

private static Map<Integer, Long> readDocumentFrequency(Configuration conf, Path documentFrequencyDir) {

Map<Integer, Long> documentFrequency = new HashMap<Integer, Long>();

PathFilter filter = new PathFilter() {

@Override

public boolean accept(Path path) {

return path.getName().startsWith("part-r");

}

};

for (Pair<IntWritable, LongWritable> pair : new SequenceFileDirIterable<IntWritable, LongWritable>(documentFrequencyDir, PathType.LIST, filter, conf)) {

documentFrequency.put(pair.getFirst().get(), pair.getSecond().get());

}

return documentFrequency;

}

public static String getCheckResult(){

Configuration conf = new Configuration();

conf.addResource(new Path("/usr/local/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml"));

String classify = "NaN";

BayesCheckData cdv = new BayesCheckData();

cdv.init(conf);

System.out.println("init done...............");

Vector vector = new RandomAccessSparseVector(10000);

TFIDF tfidf = new TFIDF();

//sunny,hot,high,weak

Multiset<String> words = ConcurrentHashMultiset.create();

words.add("sunny",1);

words.add("hot",1);

words.add("high",1);

words.add("weak",1);

int documentCount = documentFrequency.get(-1).intValue(); // key=-1時表示總文檔數(shù)

for (Multiset.Entry<String> entry : words.entrySet()) {

String word = entry.getElement();

int count = entry.getCount();

Integer wordId = dictionary.get(word); // 需要從dictionary.file-0文件(tf-vector)下得到wordID,

if (StringUtils.isEmpty(wordId.toString())){

continue;

}

if (documentFrequency.get(wordId) == null){

continue;

}

Long freq = documentFrequency.get(wordId);

double tfIdfValue = tfidf.calculate(count, freq.intValue(), 1, documentCount);

vector.setQuick(wordId, tfIdfValue);

}

// 利用貝葉斯算法開始分類,并提取得分最好的分類label

Vector resultVector = classifier.classifyFull(vector);

double bestScore = -Double.MAX_VALUE;

int bestCategoryId = -1;

for(Element element: resultVector.all()) {

int categoryId = element.index();

double score = element.get();

System.out.println("categoryId:"+categoryId+" score:"+score);

if (score > bestScore) {

bestScore = score;

bestCategoryId = categoryId;

}

}

classify = labelIndex.get(bestCategoryId)+"(categoryId="+bestCategoryId+")";

return classify;

}

public static void printResult(){

System.out.println("檢測所屬類別是:"+getCheckResult());

}

}

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